Predatory Men in William Faulkner’s Novel, Sanctuary Essay

Predatory Men in William Faulkner’s Novel, Sanctuary William Faulkner’s novel, Sanctuary, is replete with subtlety and symbolism. En route to Old Frenchman’s Place, Temple Drake thinks of baseball players in the Saturday game she is missing as â€Å"crouching, uttering short, yelping cries like marsh-fowl disturbed by an alligator, not certain of where the danger is, motionless, poised† (37). In creating such an image of predation, Faulkner prepares the reader for Temple’s arrival at Old Frenchman’s Place —the prey/predator metaphor lending itself perfectly to Temple’s situation vis-à  -vis the men there. Throughout the novel, Faulkner portrays Temple as feline or animal-like. When she objects to Gowan Stevens driving to Lee Goodwin’s in†¦show more content†¦Popeye is characterized as unnatural, his features being likened to inanimate objects. He is described as having â€Å"that vicious depthless quality of stamped tin† (4), his eyes are compared to â€Å"two knobs of soft black rubber† (4), and his posture is described as making him resemble â€Å"a modernist lampstand† (7). Popeye dislikes and fears nature, preferring to take the long way rather than walk through the woods at night, and being frightened by owls and dogs (7, 19). His aversion for nature underscores the threat his already menacing behavior poses to the vulnerable, animal-like Temple and to Tommy. Tommy, who can walk through the sand with the ease of a mule (20) and â€Å"when necessary†¦move with that thick, lightning-like celerity of badgers or coons† (71), is, like Temple, described in terms of nature and as having animal-like characteristics. This similarity may explain her relative comfort around him and her inclination to seek him at the dinner table (64). Despite his â€Å"naturalness† however, Tommy is not necessarily an exception to Faulkner’s characterization of the men in Sanctuary as predatory. Tommy is seemingly concerned for Temple’s well-being, but his behavior hints that there may be more to his concern for her than pure kindness. â€Å"His body began to writhe again in shocked indecision†¦his hands wringing slowly against his flanks†¦from time to time he

Essay about Analysis of Article Stop Blamming Videogames

An argumentative essay titled â€Å"Stop Blaming Videogames†, from an online source argues that violent video games do not increase aggression in adolescents. The author also insists that gaming is a solitary activity and encourages social interaction by bonding online friendships. This raises many controversies over whether or not gaming should be regulated for minors. The author defends main rising arguments feuding over the fact that parents are complaining videogames are just too violent. For one to say that video games are violent one would have to conclude this from a period of evaluation on how people interact and use this technology. In contrast to parents gamers in general such as Master Chief have had a lot of positive comments to†¦show more content†¦An analogy that stood out was said by Amanda Schaffer from Slate.com â€Å"The connection between violent games and real violence is also fairly intuitive. In playing the games, kids are likely to become desensitized to gory images, which could make them less disturbing and perhaps easier to deal with in real life. When video games arent about violence, their capacity to teach can be a good thing. For patients suffering from arachnophobia, fear of flying, or post-traumatic stress disorder, therapists are beginning to use virtual realities as a desensitization tool. Desensitization i mplies that the children that view the gory content will have diminished emotional responses. In some cases adolescents that react positively toward such gory content is a sign of emotional aggression. This contradicts his argument because although this quote by Schaffer mentions how desensitization can be used to help patients by playing non-violent games the author’s argument is pertaining to violent games and why they don’t increase aggression. His only other defense to Schaffer’s argument is that there isn’t enough aspects of gaming that were induced in the test. The author follows up with explaining how his argument will always be stereotyped. That people will always take out the negative aspects of gaming and prevent the positive aspects from being

William Randolph Hearst Free Essays

William Randolph Hearst was born in San Francisco, California. He received the best education that his multimillionaire father and his sophisticated schoolteacher mother could buy†private tutors, private schools, grand tours of Europe, and Harvard College. Young Hearst’s Journalistic career began in 1887, two years after his Harvard expulsion. We will write a custom essay sample on William Randolph Hearst or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"l want the San Francisco Examiner, † he wrote to his father, who owned the newspaper and granted the request. When William’s father died, he left his millions in mining properties, not to his son, but to his wife† ho compensated by giving her son ten thousand dollars a month until her death. The Daily Examiner became young Hearst’s laboratory, where he gained a talent for making fake news and faking real news in such a way as to create maximum public shock. From the outset he obtained top talent by paying top prices. To get an all-star cast and an audience of millions, however, Hearst had to move his headquarters to New York City, where he immediately purchased the old and dying New York Morning Journal. Within a year Hearst ran up the circulation from seventy-seven thousand to ver a million by spending enough money to beat the aging Joseph Pulitzer’s World at its own sensationalist (scandalous) game. Sometimes Hearst hired away the World ‘s more aggressive executives and reporters; sometimes he outbid all competitors in the open market. One of Hearst’s editors was paid twice as much in salary as the sale price of the New York World. Hearst attracted readers by adding heated reporting of sports, crime, sex, scandal, and human-interest stories. â€Å"A Hearst newspaper is like a screaming woman running down the street with her throat cut,† said Hearst writer Arthur James Pegler. Hearst’s slam-bang showmanship attracted new readers and nonreaders. During the last five years of the nineteenth century, Hearst set his pattern for the first half of the twentieth century. The Journal supported the Democratic Party, yet Hearst opposed the campaign of Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925) in 1896. In 1898 Hearst backed the Spanish-American War (1898; a war in which the United States aided Cuba in its fight for freedom from Spanish rule), which Bryan and the Democrats opposed. Further, Hearst’s wealth cut him off from the troubled masses to whom his newspapers ppealed. He could not grasp the basic problems the issue of the war with Spain raised. Entering politics Having shaken up San Francisco with the Examiner and New York City with the Journal, Hearst established two newspapers in Chicago, Illinois, the Chicago American in 1900 and the Chicago Examiner in 1902; a newspaper in Boston, Massachusetts, the Boston American; and a newspaper in Los Angeles, California, the Los Angeles Examiner in 1904. These added newspapers marked more than an extension of Hearst’s Journalistic empire, they reflected his sweeping decision to seek the U. S. presidency. Perhaps his ambition came from a desire to follow in his father’s footsteps. His personality and fortune were not suited to a political career however. In 1902 and 1904 Hearst won election to the House of Representatives as a New York Democrat. Except, his Journalistic activities and his $2 million presidential campaign lett him little time to speak, vote, or answer roll calls in Congress . His nonattendance angered his colleagues and the voters who had elected him. Nevertheless, he found time to run as an independent candidate for mayor of New York City in 1905, and as a Democratic candidate for governor in 1906. His loss in both elections ended Hearst’s political career. Personal life In 1903, the day before his fortieth birthday, he married twenty-one-year-old Millicent Willson, a showgirl, thus giving up Tessie Powers, a waitress he had supported since his Harvard days. The Hearsts had five boys, but in 1917 Hearst fell in love with another showgirl, twenty-year-old Marion Davies of the Ziegfeld Follies. He maintained a relationship with her that ended only at his death. When Hearst’s mother died, he came into his inheritance and took up permanent residence on his father’s 168,000-acre ranch in southern California. There he spent $37 million on a private castle, put $50 million into New York City real estate, and put another $50 million into his art collection†the largest ever assembled by a single individual. Hearst publications During the 1920s one American in every four read a Hearst newspaper. Hearst owned twenty daily and eleven Sunday papers in thirteen cities, the KingFeatures syndication service (organization that places featured articles or comics in multiple papers at once), the International News Service, the American Weekly (a syndicated Sunday supplement), International Newsreel, and six magazines, including Cosmopolitan, Good Housekeeping, and Harper’s Bazaar. Despite Hearst’s wealth, expansion, and spending, his popularity with the public as well as with the government was low. Originally a progressive Democrat, he had no bargaining power with Republican Theodore Roosevelt (1859-1919). Hearst fought every Democratic reform leader from Bryan to Franklin Roosevelt (1882-1945), and he opposed American participation in both world wars. In 1927 the Hearst newspapers printed forged (faked) documents, which supported an accusation that the Mexican government had paid several U. S. senators more than $1 million to support a Central American plot to wage war against the United States. From this scandal the Hearst press suffered not at all. In the next ten years, however, Hearst’s funds and the empire suddenly ran out. In 1937 the two corporations that controlled the empire found themselves $126 million in debt. Hearst had to turn them over to a seven- member committee whose purpose was to save what they could. They managed to hold off economic failure only by selling off much of Hearst’s private fortune and all of his public powers as a newspaper owner. William Randolph Hearst died on August 14, 1951, in Beverly Hills, California. How to cite William Randolph Hearst, Papers

Smile and Smiling Specific Purpose free essay sample

Informative Speech on Smiling Specific Purpose: to inform my speech class about the many things Your Smile can do. Thesis: After listening to my speech, my audience should be informed about how â€Å"Your Smile† can do many things; have an effect on you and others around you, and how it has an effect on your brain. Introduction I. Smiling is something most people enjoy. I’m a happy and very positive person, so I smile a lot. It turns out that when I smile, the world smiles back. In my research about smiling I referred to sources such as cbsnews. com, science. owstuffworks. com, bizzikid. co. uk II. Smiling can affect the way you feel. It feels good to smile and be smiled at. People like to be surrounded by others who are positive and make them feel good. III. A smile is a great way to start any conversation, and makes others more receptive to you. We will write a custom essay sample on Smile and Smiling Specific Purpose or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It adds to what you have to offer. Transition: Let’s start with how a smile can affect you and others around you. Body I. A smile can affect you and others around you. A. It lifts our mood as well as the moods of those around us. B. It can make us appear more attractive to others. C. It can be contagious. D. Make you look younger E. Help you build rapport F. Helps reassure the other person of your sincerity. Transition: Now that we have talked about how your smile can affect you and others around you, let’s move on to how your smile affects your brain. II. How Your Smile Affects Your Brain A. Each time you smile at a person, their brain coaxes them to return the favor. B. Facial changes involved in smiling have direct effects on certain brain activities associated with happiness. Smiling triggers your feel good chemicals in your brain. C. Just the simple act of smiling releases endorphins from the brain into the blood. In conclusion, today we have discussed how your smile can affect you and others around you. We also talked about how a smile affects your brain. Conclusion I. Smiling is a way to promote happiness within yourself and others. Smiling is a very important part of connecting and getting to know someone. II. Choosing to smile can make a difference in everything you do that day. A smile can brighten your mood, improve your outlook, and lead you to make positive choices. So when you smile not only will you make yourself feel better, you will also attract positive energy into your life. References Makes you look younger. Freeman, D. W. (2011, November 10). Smiling makes people look younger, study shows. . Retrieved from http://www. cbsnews. com/8301-504763_162-57322365-10391704/smiling-makes-people-look-younger-study-shows/ How your smile affects your brain. science. howstuffworks. com Layton, J. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://science. howstuffworks. com/life/smilinghappy1. htm Feel good chemicals. Bizzikid . (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. bizzikid. co. uk/healthwellbeingsmiling. html

Pornography Essays (5271 words) - Anti-pornography Feminism

Pornography Suppose one accepts MacKinnon and Dworkin's suggested statutory definition of pornography. How does one who generally accepts MacKinnon and Dworkin's views on the pervasively harmful effect of pornography, and who accepts a need for legal redress of the harms perpetrated by pornography, deal with pornographic material? The ordinance proposed by MacKinnon and Dworkin would deal with such material by enacting legislation which gives people adversely affected by the works, which clearly fit their definition of pornography, a cause of action against the producers, vendors, exhibitors or distributors for "trafficking", or for an assault "directly caused by the specific work. I do not think liberals, or others for that matter, should have much problem with the clause dealing with assault, since a causal connection to specific works is demanded by it. However, s. 3.2(iii) which deals with trafficking would be very problematic for liberals and legal conservatives because it creates a cause of action for a person contrary to the traditional conception of a rights holder's cause of action. This subsection reads: Any woman has a claim hereunder as a woman acting against the subordination of women. Any man, child or transsexual who alleges injury by pornography in the way women are injured by it also has a claim. [emphasis added] My goal in this paper is to suggest that a slight modification to this subsection of the ordinance would make it very difficult for liberals and legal conservatives to object to it. This modification would restrict the cause of action to the same persons as the other sections of the ordinance, namely, the particular victim of the specified injury. I shall argue that such a modification would largely cohere with the conception of harm already at work in Ontario law, would afford only a minor reduction in the potential efficacy of such legislation in curbing the harm of pornography, and would offer to empower the feminist camp which is behind such an ordinance with a mechanism for social and political change if a sufficiently organized feminist "vanguard" took hold of the opportunity to empower women. Adrian Howe argues that the concept of social injury which may be suggested by the ordinance recognizes the differential harm felt by women from pornography. Howe suggests this social notion of harm may be a necessary feature of any successful law reform which is to address the huge social problem of male domination and female oppression. The liberal notion of an individuated human right fails to capture, for MacKinnon and Howe, "the specificity of the harm to women." Thus, an ordinance which did not create a cause of action "for women as women" would fail to address the root of the social problem of which pornography is a manifestation. This conception of social harm, and thus subsection 3.2(iii), may offend liberals or legal conservatives in two ways. First, the notion of non-individuated harm is antithetical to the liberal conception of a rights holder claiming a cause of action. Fundamental to a liberal conception of harm is the notion of the individual who is autonomous, separate and fundamentally worthy of respect. Rawls and Kant exemplify this view in their analyses when they posit the undifferentiated self, free of any particular qualities save that of being an agent worthy of a fundamental, inviolable respect. This notion of the individual worthy of equal concern and respect in the eyes of the state permeates liberal conceptions of rights. It is also a fundamental, if not exclusive, tenet of the common law of torts: In tort litigation, the courts must decide whether to shift the loss suffered by one person, the plaintiff, to the shoulders of another person [emphasis added]. Clearly, on its face this conception of harm precludes the notion of a harm suffered collectively which cannot be delineated individually. While class actions are possible, and claims may be made on behalf of groups such as company shareholders, this is only by virtue of the fact that a legally recognized individual has suffered an identifiable particular harm. Thus, the conventional liberal notion of harm is radically distinct from that outlined by Howe and MacKinnon. Since on the liberal conception rights holders are autonomous, individual selves who are essentially distinct, harm to one is distinct from harm to

Night

Night Free Online Research Papers The memoir â€Å"Night† is just one of many memoirs written by Elie Wiesel, who survived the Holocaust. Elie feels compelled to bear witness to the suffering that he experienced and observed in the concentration camps. In Night he narrates the experience of the deaths of his family members, the death of his adolescence, and the death in his naive belief in man’s innate goodness. The power of the genre of the memoir is that it captures experience and insists that forgetting about such crimes against humanity is not an option for Elie or for the reader. Through the radical changes he experiences in the concentration camps, Elie is forced to adapt. He shows his adaptations through various ways in his writing style and author’s craft. Elie Wiesel shows the reader how he personally changes, the true meaning of the word â€Å"night†, and Biblical allusions to describe the suffrage, inhumanity, and pain he experiences during the holocaust that affected his lif e forever. One of the most painful situations and preoccupying thoughts that trouble young Elie involve the ways in which father-son relationships are torn under the concentration camps. He watches as sons deny care to their fathers, putting their own interests before family ties. Elie struggles with the same conflict when his father becomes ill, and when his father finally dies, Elie is profoundly sad though also proud that he never wholly compromised his own beliefs about family. The reason that Elie finds the deterioration of father-son relationships so painful is that the maintenance of this relationship seems to be the last barrier between a world that is semi-normal and one that has completely been turned upside down. Elie must continue to care for his ailing father because to do otherwise would mean that he had become as evil as the Germans. But, in reality the holocaust did bring their relationship closer and more affectionate. In the beginning, Elie was naà ¯ve and curious of Jewis h mysticism. When he asked his father for a mentor he answered, â€Å"You are too young for that. Maimonides tells us that one must be thirty before venturing into the world of mysticism, a world fraught with peril† (4). This shows how their relationship begins, as a relationship based on respect and obedience like most orthodox Jewish families. But, as they came closer to the concentration camps, their relationship drastically changes. As they are about to be sent to the crematorium, Elie’s father starts to have emotional feelings for his son. â€Å"What a shame that you did not go with your mother†¦ I saw many children your age go with their mothers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (33). This shows how their relationship is based on love and emotion. He does not want to see his only son go up in flames and Elie knows this because it is the first time he has seen his father cry and is the first time he felt his father’s love for him. Throughout their suffrage in th e holocaust their relationship grows stronger and it gives Elie a reason to never give up and to survive. A persons beliefs and values transform with death lingering at every waking moment. In Night, Elie estranges himself from his companions and morals to survive the Holocaust. It is expected that the Holocaust survivors would lose faith in God, their determination to go on living, and their reliance in others because of the horrific experiences that they faced day to day. It is understandable that a Holocaust survivor questions his faith in God when Jews are chanting the prayer of death for themselves. â€Å"Deep down, I was saying good-bye to my father, to the whole universe, and, against my will, I found myself whispering the words: †¦ may his name be exalted and sanctified†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (34). A person would question living when he sees the death of loved ones and fellow Jews right before his eyes. When starting to give up on all hope of life and God, it would be expected that one would no longer trust others, especially when they are fighting each other for their own surviva l. Night illustrates the loss in human ties after the anguish of the reprehensible treatment that the Jews received every day. Elies harsh experiences cause him to question his companionship with God each day during the holocaust. Although it seems his God has abandoned him, he never loses faith completely. Elie asks questions to God throughout this memoir. â€Å"Why, but why would I bless him? Every fiber in me rebelled. Because he caused thousands of children to burn in his mass graves? (67). Elie is angry, but at the same time this brings him closer to God. When Moishe was mentoring Elie he once said, â€Å"Man comes closer to God through the questions he asks him. Therein lies true dialogue. Man asks and God replies.† Ultimately, Elie’s experiences bring him closer to God than ever before because it is acceptable and praised to ask questions in his faith. But, how does God reply? As Moses freed the Jews from Egypt, maybe the Russians were the Jewâ€⠄¢s Moses in the holocaust. Either way, Elie used biblical allusions in his memoir to vividly compare the holocaust to the bible, show his struggle with faith in God, and describe how God played a role in the Jews’ lives during this horrific time of suffering. Elie’s memoir is simply titled â€Å"Night†. The literal time of night in the camps is not a period of rest or respite for the Jewish prisoners; instead, it is a continuation of the persistent anxiety and fear that are experienced throughout the day. At the same time, night does have some positive qualities, permitting the prisoners to talk with one another and attempt to hang onto the last vestiges of normal social interactions. â€Å"Freed from the barbers’ clutches, we began to wander about the crowd, finding friends, acquaintances. Every encounter filled us with joy ¬-yes, joy: Thank God! You are still alive!†(35). This was the only freedom of their lives that still remained. The prisoners’ social life was the last thing they had left and Elie and many others tried to keep this by preserving their families which was very difficult. During this time, night was the only time of peace and rest. But, night also has a symbolic function. It is dark and obscure, a time when people with nefarious motives operate. To young Elie, the night feels never-ending, especially his first. â€Å"Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, that turned my life into one long night seven times sealed. Never shall I forget those flames that consumed my faith forever. Never shall I forget those moments that murdered my God and my soul and turned my dreams to ashes. Never† (34). During the night, this is what went through everyone’s minds. Why did this happen? How could this happen? What will become of me? Night is somewhat worse than the day. The only difference is physical pain and emotional torment. When Elie is finally liberated from the concentration camp, it is not clear whether the night has ended yet. Elie will have a long way to go to find his way to the light and the restoration of a somewhat normal life. It took several years for Elie Wiesel to finally find the light. By just reading this inspiring memoir, readers’ lives are changed as well as Elie’s life was changed during the holocaust. Throughout this memoir I have discovered that the most important truths in life are that family is the greatest possession, faith should be strongest in the most difficult times, and freedom is the most powerful trait a human being has. All of these truths are expressed through Elie Wiesel’s memoir that touched each truth through the experiences in Auschwitz. Elie Wiesel shows the reader how he personally changes, the true meaning of the word â€Å"night†, and Biblical allusions to describe the suffrage, inhumanity, and pain he experiences during the holocaust that affected his life forever. Research Papers on NightComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMind TravelHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThree Concepts of PsychodynamicEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is ArtThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Types of Marketing Strategies and Elements of a Successful Marketing Term Paper

Types of Marketing Strategies and Elements of a Successful Marketing Strategy - Term Paper Example One should remember that marketing is not like mathematics, in which there are set formulae to derive results. However, goals are met on the basis of past experiences, and some trial and error. Marketing strategies are based on the principles of psychology and sociology and believes in one core value that customers come first; therefore, one needs to satisfy their needs. TYPES OF MARKETING STRATEGIES Marketing strategies are divided on the basis of the status of the organization in the market, its stage in the life cycle and also on the basis of different levels in the company. Strategies based on Market Dominance Market Leader Strategies Market leader focuses on expanding total market, defending market share or expanding market share. Total market can be expanded either by attracting new users, creating more usage or new usage. Market share can be defended through â€Å"position defense, flanking defense, pre-emptive defense, counter-offensive defence, mobile defence, market broade ning, and market diversification and contraction defense† (Smith, n.d). Market Challenger Strategies A challenger can attack the leader by making â€Å"a frontal, flank, encirclement, and bypass or guerrilla attack† (Smith, n.d). Other strategies available to a market challenges include â€Å"offering price discounts, offering goods at low cost, introducing prestige goods, doing product proliferation, bringing innovation in the product, improving services, bringing innovation in the distribution, reducing manufacturing cost or doing intensive advertising† (Ranchhod, Tinson, & Gauzente, Marketing Strategies, 2004, p. 182). Market Follower Strategies Market follower can either become a counterfeiter, cloner, Imitator, or adapter. Market Niche Strategies Market niche follows â€Å"market differentiation strategy† (McDonald, 1995, p. 50). Porter’s Generic Strategies Porter generalised marketing strategies in three broad types that companies can choose f rom in order to get a competitive advantage. These are â€Å"market segmentation, market differentiation and cost leadership† (Bradley, 2005, p. 152).  

Agile software development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Agile software development - Essay Example Agile software has a lot of flexibility as opposed to the rigid waterfall. The main hallmark of the agile system is its adaptability and agility. The iterative nature of agile makes it to be able to work without following a given pattern. A lot of iterations are involved including testing, coding and designing. Agile is different from waterfall in the sense that unlike the waterfall system which cannot allow for any changes to be made once the design is already completed, agile has no rigidity and allows for changes to be made and improvements to be done even at the last stages of software development. Teams developing software through the use of the Agile process are usually cross functional in their nature. There have been always an expertise sharing and close cooperation unlike the case with waterfall. (Highsmith, 2002) The waterfall model happens in a manner that is sequential, moving from one stage to the other. This software development undergoes various stages including identifying the specification before conception, then analyzing, working on the designs, coding and testing, debugging then installing and finally, maintaining in the end. The developing team moves to the next stage only after the previous stage is completed. The engineers working on the software do spend much time at every stage and there is no chance of debugging once the software is made ready for the testing process. The Waterfall methodology considers documentation as an integral part of the software development. The Agile methodology has a team that is adaptive and that can easily respond and adjust to the changes in the requirements. Effort and time must not be invested on by the team thus reducing the chances of being irrelevant in terms of customers’ needs and wants. The team has a face to face communication with the customers hence having quality products at the required time. It is not always difficult to assess and establish the required

SWOT analysis for water sport industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SWOT analysis for water sport industry - Essay Example There are six subsidiaries under the group, short summaries of which are given below:- 2) Cape Tribulation Resort & Spa: The Resorts in the World Heritage renowned Daintree Rainforest comprise properties known as Coconut Beach Resort and Ferntree Rainforest Lodge with a combined strength of 120 rooms of three to four star categories. The hotel offers are Cuba diving, snorkelling, sea kayaking, 4WD trips, horse rides, rainforest walks and crocodile cruises etc. 3) Club Crocodile Airlie Beach: This is a three and half star hotel situated at the gateway to the Whitsundays with 160 rooms set around a large central lagoon with attractive features and a ocean/pool view from all the rooms with best price offers for national & international visitors. 4) Hides Hotel Cairns: Hides Hotel Cairns is a 19th century building located in the heart of the tourist district in Cairns. Carefully restored in 1997, it now consists of 105 rooms, with all modern & comfort facilities while retaining its colonial charm. 5) Fern tree Rainforest Lodge: The lodge is located near Cape Tribulations beach. Here you can bushwalk, horse-ride, kayak, snorkel, fish in the estuaries or you can freely walk out into Australias most beautiful settings. 6) Sunlover Reef Cruises, Cairns : This was established in the year 1991 located at north eastern coast of Australia had since then entertained more than 1 million guests showing them Coral reefs and the Marian life of one of the exquisite natural assets on Earth, the Great Barrier Reef. (Cape tribulation resort & spa – cape tribulation). STRENGTHS: All the resorts are located at places showered with natural beauty such as the Great Barrier Reef, which is attractive and gives pleasure and refreshment to the visitors. The resorts offer affordable prices and complete range of holidays from budget accommodation to luxury living as well as

The goals needed in planned change

The goals needed in planned change There are many goals of a planned change. Basically the goals are aimed to improve the ability of the organisation to adjust to changes happening in the environment. Change in employees behavior is expected and these changes to lead to improvement in organizational effectiveness and efficiency. In this assignment we will discuss a case study on the strategic change management in the AEGON Company. As we have discussed in the training presentation the different aspects and reasons of strategic change management and the process of strategic change management involves developing an innovative vision for where the company needs to be, and then developing an equally innovative path for achieving the goal. This can only be done through the combined effort of all the company, its employees and the stakeholders. The discussion of this case reflects the following points: Develop systems to involve stakeholders in the planning of change and develop a change management strategy with stakeholders. Evaluation of the systems used to involve stakeholders in the planning of change. Explanation of what systems and processes would need to be/have been developed to ensure involvement of the stakeholders in the change. Strategy creation for managing resistance to change Review of the effectiveness of management actions to overcome any identified instances of resistance Discussion of the most important features in the successful implementation of organizational change, drawing upon at least two organizational models Plan to implement a model for change and develop appropriate measures to monitor progress. With the changing prospects of customers, organizations persistently require to adapt to stay competitive. Managers might look for situations which are common to them when experience pressures for change. It involves civilizing the traditions in which they function, gradually. This is incremental change. But improving gradually may not be adequate. The need is to adjust to all of the main changes in the surroundings. Lack of it results in strategic drift. When a company undergoes strategic drift, it does not make tough and major decisions to deal effectively with all of the changes in its business environment. Managers within the organization have to accept the change completely to let alone strategic drift. It results in a responsive organisation. (AEGON-Embracing and pursuing change, n.d.) AEGON Group is one of the worlds largest life insurance and pensions companies. AEGON owns pensions, life insurance, asset management and adviser businesses in the UK. The AEGON Group has 27,000 employees and over 25 million customers worldwide. Its major markets are in the USA and Netherlands. Since 1994, the UK has become another major and increasingly important market. In 1994 AEGON bought a large stake in Scottish Equitable. Scottish Equitable was a strong brand with a heritage that went back to the 1830s. Since then AEGONs UK business has grown both organically and by acquiring other businesses. As most of the acquired companies kept their existing identities, awareness of AEGON in the UK remained relatively low. AEGON realized that such low levels of awareness could impact on its ability to achieve its ambitions. Therefore, it needed to combine the global strength of its parent with the experience and reputation of the domestic company brands, like Scottish Equitable, that made up AEGON in the UK. (AEGON-Embracing and pursuing change, n.d.) In this assignment well discuss the success that accepting and practicing change has brought to AEGON in the UK. This change is helping AEGON move towards its goal of becoming the best long-term savings and protection business within the UK. Kurt Lewins change model In early 1950s Kurt Lewin a psychologist developed a model of change management. He described the freeze model of change which suggests that change involves a shift from one still condition by means of a state of activity to a different still condition. This involves a three-stage process of managing change: unfreezing, changing and re-freezing. Source: http://www.strategies-for-managing-change.com/kurt-lewin.html Stage 1: Unfreezing This stage implies getting prepared to change. It involves getting to a point of consideration that change is compulsory and getting ready to alter from our current comfort zone. (Kurt Lewin change management model, n.d.). Stage 2: Change or Transition The second stage of transition is known as change. Transition is the internal faction or voyage we make in response to a change. This occurs as we accept and make the changes that are required. (Kurt Lewin change management model, n.d.). Stage 3: Freezing (or Refreezing) The third stage is freezing, while many people refer to it as refreezing. As the name suggests this stage is about instituting stability when the changes have been made. The changes are acknowledged and turn into norms. People form new contacts and become contented with their routines. This will surely take some time. (Kurt Lewin change management model, n.d.). The 8 steps of John Kotters change model Each stage of Kotters change model acknowledges a key principle identified by him linking to peoples response and approach to change, and in which people see, feel and then change. For change to occur, it helps if an adequate number of people within an organisation want it. By developing a sense of urgency around the need for change it helps management to start the initial inspiration to get things moving. (John Kotters guiding principles for leading change, n.d.). Source: http://www.strategies-for-managing-change.com/john-kotter.html According to John Kotter the major challenge in front of leadership in a change process is just getting people to change their behavior. People modify their behavior when they are motivated to do so, and that can be done when you speak to their feelings. (John Kotters guiding principles for leading change, n.d.). AEGON UK had the following driving forces for organizational change. Financial restructuring in the United Kingdom. Growth in population and changes in demographic attributes. Cultural diversification in the UK. Changes in social dimensions of the United Kingdom. Evolution of political orientation and policies. Increase in the domestic purchasing power. Institutional and policies neglect regarding the financial products. High competitiveness and consequent challenges. Deficient Management practices. Inefficiency in processes The most suitable change model fitting to AEGON UK will probably be Kotters Eight Step Change Model. As it fully prepares the employees of the company before even the vision is created that will eventually helps in the change in the long run. There are some disadvantages as well to this model. This model is mostly suitable for the companies because of its simplicity and applicablity as considerable change is required for the divisions. This will also facilitate in the transition because the division has a long history comparable to rest of the company and people are not as set in the ways, as they would be if the division had been around longer. (Strategic change management, n.d.). AEGON UK strategic planning implies planning for the long-term. The time frame associated with this type of planning is from three to five years into the future. Due to this timeframe, there are several challenges associated with long-range planning. These include: creating a plan that is breakthrough in its orientation rather  than more of the same, getting all stakeholders to commit to the organizations strategies   and   to   follow   through   on   implementation   of   critical   activities,   and decreasing cycle time in the planning process. This sort of orientation necessitates approaches to strategic planning that involve all employees and stakeholders in the planning process and a planning process that can occur within a shortened time frame. The researcher will prefer to adopt Large Group Interventions Technique to address the proposed change in the chosen organization AEGON. (Strategic change management, n.d.). In   case   of   the   AEGON   UK   there   were   many   deriving   forces   that caused   the background   of change   in AEGON   UK. AEGON   UK   was although was bearing international repute but still it didnt had band awareness   by   the   name   of   AEGON   in   the   United   Kingdom.   The philosophy of the financial services products that were being sold by AEGON UK or its competitors were quite difficult to understand by the potential customers. Life expectancy in the United Kingdom has increased in the recent years so people can expect to be retired for  longer age and similarly many individual never think it worthy to plan about their retirement properly, on the other hand there was a derive from the government to reduce dependency on the state in old age so there was a need to make a social awareness among the people for the benefits of having the financial products sold by the AEGON UK to secure   their   fut ure   because   benefit   of   these   investments   usually realized in later years. AEGON was not well recognized in the areas other than pensions. Above stated reasons are the few of those that lead management to introduce change in the corporate structure and strategy of the AEGON UK Limited. (Strategic change management, n.d.). People who are directly affected by the decisions of an organization are the stake holders.   Stake holder may be internal (management, employees etc.) and they may be external (government, suppliers, banks, media, shareholders etc). Every stake holder has different expectations from the organization.   In the process of change, stakeholders can be involved in a number of ways like: Involve them in problem solving. Keep them up to date of standing towards corporate objectives Take actions on feedback received by them Mobilize the correct resources at the right moment to recognize the implementation plan (Strategic change management, n.d.). Involvement of stake holders to the process of change was done by the new chief executive officer of AEGON who carried out the following actions; Simplification of Financial Services The Chief Executive Officer of  AEGON adopted a customer focused approach. The CEO simplified the complex financial services in terms of their understanding and it was now made very simple to understand. The clients which know   that   what   they   are   investing   into   and   what   investment they get back   at   the   end   of   the   contract.   To date back customers have always been disturbed doing complex calculations. Now the customers are happy because they dont need any financial interpreter to understand the ins and outs of the products offered by the AEGON. (Strategic change management, n.d.). Workforce Development The most important stake holder of the organization is the employees. These are the people who are practically liable make the change process successful. New CEO took  the employees in confidence and told them about the fact that what AEGON stands today and what AEGON wants to stand in the future. He explained the factors behind this change. The CEO introduced job rotation which involves prospects from one job to the other job.   Hence it provided individual employees with a career path. CEO also arranged a Management Development Program in collaboration with a leading management college for  the training of the workforce. (Strategic change management, n.d.). Creating Distinct Market Place     To let revisit the brand identity of  AEGON into the minds of the people, the CEO carried out an external promotional campaign to highlight the relationship between the locally famous Scottish Equitable and AEGON. The CEO spoke to the media stating the reasons for the change and how the change will be beneficial for the stakeholders. (Strategic change management, n.d.). As we know that the stakeholders are critical to the success of initiating change in the organization. Stakeholder Management Strategy is an important discipline that successful people use to win support from others. Stakeholder Analysis is the technique used to identify the key people who have to be won over. Stakeholder Planning is done to build the support that helps organization to succeed. (Strategic change management, n.d.). The benefits of using a stakeholder-based approach The   opinions   of   the   most   strong   stakeholders   to   shape   change implementation at an early stage. They will support the company as well as their input can also improve the quality of the project Getting support from strong stakeholders can help you to win more resources There are more chance to achieve strategic goals successfully. By communicating with stakeholders early, you can ensure that they fully understand what you are doing and understand the benefits of your  aim. By this they will throughout support you actively. By anticipating what peoples reaction to your project may be, and build into your plan the actions that will win peoples support. (Strategic change management, n.d.). Strategy for managing  resistance to change in the organization Following strategies can be implemented for managing resistance to change in the AEGON. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢There will be a workflow process in order to achieve results for mutual benefits for employees and organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢There will be an Authority Process in order to direct behavior in the interests of the organization and its participants. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢There would be a Reward and Penalty Process to induce people to behave in away required by the interests of the organization and its participants and / or to behave in a way making associated activity possible. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢There will be a Perpetuation Process to maintain, replenish, and make adequate the quantity and quality of social and natural resources utilized by the organization and its participants. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢There must be an Identification Process to develop a concept of the wholeness, uniqueness and significance of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ There will be a communication process to provide for the exchange of  information, ideas, feelings and values etc utilized in all activities to the stakeholders. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ There must be an evaluation process which establishes criteria for and defines levels of utility and value for people, materials, ideas, and activities and which rates them and allocates them to these levels. (Strategic change management, n.d.). Model for implementing  change in the organization Model for change implies towards the overall strategy to incorporate change into the organizational culture. Model of  change is usually implemented into the following steps; Access the necessity of change Forming a powerful alliance Creating an idea for change Communicate the vision Remove barriers Incorporate the change into organization. (Strategic change management, n.d.). The CEO of AEGON implemented  the same model  to inculcate change into the organization. The CEO realized the need for change and he came to the conclusion that the company is not doing well comparable to its competitors. The legislative restriction of price decreased the profitability Lack of brand awareness getting worst And difficulty of the  customers  understanding  the   aim  of  the  services offered by AEGON The above mentioned were the factors that required an immediate change into the organization at a large scale. The CEO conducted a SWOT analysis of the company and decided to develop a new behavioral framework for the staff which was known as 8 behaviors framework and also arranged managerial training for the workforce. He further addressed the stakeholders of the organization to communicate his vision to them by simplifying the financial services, developing a workforce and arranging a brand awareness campaign. (Strategic change management, n.d.). The CEO also communicated to the media about this change process and the reasons for change.   Hence   model   implemented   by   the   CEO   of  AEGON   UK   brought   about evident positive   change   to   the organization and gave it a new line of direction towards the desired goals and objectives. (Strategic change management, n.d.). Implementation of the model in  the organization, expected improvements and appropriate measures to monitor progress The plan for the change was implemented into the different stages like discovery phase to analyze where the AEGON is right now, where it wants to be and what actions are required to meet the objectives set by the head to become the best long term saving and   protection   business   into   the   UK. First phase revealed the reasons for changes and weaknesses and strengths of the organization. After the discovery phase the next step was to involve the appropriate stake holders into the process of change. The head of the AEGON involved various stakeholders in different effective manner as mentioned earlier.   The CEO further redeveloped the organizational behavioral framework and arranged the training of the staff members. (Strategic change management, n.d.). The   outcomes   of   the   efforts   made   by   the   CEO   were   extremely cheering and rewarding for the company. Before the change there was confusion among the people about the recognition of AEGON but after   the   strong   promotion   of   the   brand   AEGON   with   Scottish-Equitable created a more reliable image of the AEGON into the minds of the people. Moreover the brand carried a new more powerful and prestigious look as AEGON Scottish-Equitable. (Strategic change management, n.d.). The behavior of  the employees altered altogether. They behave with more customer oriented  approach.   Now   the   employees   are   concerned   to   provide   beneficial   services   to existing   and   prospective customers and the organization is always doing its level best to do what is really important to their customers.  (Strategic change management, n.d.). AEGON providing the levels of return guaranteed and being liable for any risks associated with doing so it reflects more probability about levels of income for the clients. As a result of the change applied by the CEO of AEGON, the company reconstructed its brand reputation, became more customer  oriented, started to provide more innovative services and became more popular amongst the consumers and finally the business has grown to a huge extent. The CEO planned to develop a new organizational behavior framework  to align the brand values of AEGON. (Strategic change management, n.d.). To entrench this culture, AEGON developed a behavior structure to maintain its brand values. It was intended to persuade how people at all ranks within the organisation might work and make decisions. These behaviors highlight the values of the organisation. They have assisted to build AEGONs culture and have also impacted its performance. AEGON also introduced a Management Development Program, supported by a top Management College. The eight behaviors are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Think customer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Embrace change à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Encourage excellence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Act with integrity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Decisive action à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work together à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Learn and grow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Relate and communicate. (AEGON-Embracing and pursuing change, n.d.) Conclusion There is nothing permanent except change. It is continuous. The process of change is an expedition. Business organizations will always be influenced by external factors. AEGON responded to these factors by simplifying, clarifying and strengthening its brand in the UK. As organizations change, their patterns of behavior and business culture flourish. For AEGON, this is a cycle in which the business uses its knowledge to learn from its experiences. This has assisted AEGON as an organisation to move positively towards achieving its full potential and to stay competitive in a progressively difficult market. (AEGON-Embracing and pursuing change, n.d.) AEGON recognized a need to give itself a greater market presence. The change has made the organisation much more customer focused. As a result it is more effective.

Essay --

a) Economic: KFC Holdings (Malaysia) Bhd is currently the market leader in the fast-food industry of Malaysia. The company has developed a rigorous marketing strategy and marketing plan to retain its market share. Company has developed a marketing strategy and marketing plan to maintain the tight market. One of them is via development of products. Therefore, the effectiveness of this strategy is the long awaited for stakeholders. The latest world economic recession had also struck Malaysia inevitably. To sustain their performance, KFC has launched strategies to cope with the economic slowdown. They launch one new product every quarter with hope that KFC will achieve double-digit growth in the future. The current economic growth allowed for other form of food related business to bloom Newer blooming franchises such as Kopitiam, Oldtown and others offer heavy competition to KFC thus in order to stay in line they came up with strategy that includes reduced price of the food during certain hour of the day. The breakfast value meal sets, the lunch sets and dinner set. Thus by selling the products for a cheaper price during specific time where working adults usually go out to eat, they managed to gain customers and increase sales while the losses due to reduce price are mitigated with more purchase, resulting a net profit. Hence, by applying economic principle concerning demand and sales, they are able to offer the same quality of meal for a lesser price for the enjoyment of the community. b) Technology: Look in to the marketing strategy, KFC advertising itself Online and providing directories online of the nearest outlets and having a webpage dedicated to showing of its current promotions serves as an important aspects to ... ...s. KFC KLCC audited and certified by the competent certification body since 2005. All established Critical Control Point (CCPS) is now included in the Daily Operations Checklist which is used by all the KFC restaurants in the country. Quality control starts from supplies all raw materials. KFC conduct annual supplier audits, Audit STAR which is a proprietary program by YUM, similar in many ways to approach ISO. STAR Audit consists of two versions its the Food Safety and Quality System Audit. Either STAR Audit conducted by an international audit firm appointed third party YUM or from their own team of professional food technology from the Department of Quality Assurance KFC. KFC chicken supplier Ayamas is monitored closely by Department of Veterinary Service and has obtained the VHM (Veterinary Health Mark) Logo. It is also an ISO 9001 certified company.

Water Purification In The Coming Decades Environmental Sciences Essay

This article was written by six academicians related to a work for The Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems ( NSF STC WaterCAMPWS, University of Illinois, USA ) . They are working for assorted sections which are suited for this research at different universities. The WaterCAMPWS plants for new engineerings for H2O intervention. ( 1 ) This article focuses on recent engineering for disinfection, decontamination, re-use and desalinization methods to better H2O quality. It describes the importance of H2O and H2O jobs, moreover it gives information about the H2O intervention systems utilizing today and will be used in the hereafter. It besides makes comparings to place the advantages and the disadvantages of H2O intervention systems. It is suited for anyone who wants to be informed about H2O purification techniques. A individual who has the proficient substructure about H2O and H2O intervention can understand more easy this article. While reading sometimes troubles may be encountered to understand this article but in general linguistic communication of the article was clear. At the first portion of the article writers mention the importance of the H2O, pollutants H2O job and new H2O intervention engineerings. Water job is explained clearly by utilizing singular Numberss but they do non give the day of the month and beginnings about Numberss. In add-on to the state of affairs at the article, developed and developing states are provided the illustrations of the H2O state of affairss to do the H2O job more apprehensible. Water is needed for populating beings to last and there is life on the Earth thanks to H2O. ( 2 ) Harmonizing to the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) H2O may incorporate bacteriums, suspended atoms, parasites, viruses, organic chemicals, heavy metals and dissolvers above the allowed sum for illustration, Escherichia coli and arsenic degree bound is should be less than 10 & A ; Icirc ; ?g/l ( WHO report, 2008 ) ( 2-3 ) The riddance of unwanted stuffs, chemicals, contaminations, drosss, microorganism is called H2O purification which is a cleansing procedure. ( 4 ) Clean H2O demand is lifting twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours because of increasing in population, H2O deficit and users competition. ( 5 ) If people accessed clean drinkable H2O easy, it would be a wholly positive consequence on wellness. Unfortunately, WHO report in 2007 shows that 1.1 billion people can non make the clean H2O and 1.8 million people die desiccation from diarrheal because of safe H2O job each twelvemon th. Hearth jobs, encephalon stokes, HIV/AIDS, acute respiratory diseases, chronic lung diseases are some wellness jobs which are caused by diarrheal. ( 3 ) The recent H2O intervention activities are non safe, sustainable and sufficient plenty but they can be develop such as energy efficient systems, renewable purification. ( 2 ) New coevals H2O intervention systems, which are based on such as disinfection, flocculation, deposit and decontamination engineerings, should be developed to take bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens more efficaciously. ( 9 ) At the beginning of 4000 B.C. people tried to do imbibing H2O better in gustatory sensation and odor. Some intervention methods were developed such as sand filtration, disinfection by sunshine and boiling after 1500 B.C. ( 9 ) At 1600 & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s desalinization experiments began and around 1800 & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s the first H2O purification works was built in Scotland. During the twentieth century, people focused on imbibing H2O quality particularly taking the pathogens. In 1914 The U.S. Public Health Service prepared criterions about imbibing H2O and which were revised by the Public Health Service in 1925, 1946 and 1962. ( 9-3 ) Disinfection is the procedure of the deactivating or destroying of infective micro-organisms present in H2O. ( 10 ) In the paper, extended information about disinfection methods and the comparing between germicides were written. Writers give information about how the disinfection processes can command the viruses but I think this is unneeded item about the topic. Using sunshine ( solar ) was the first application of disinfection. ( 10 ) The most common disinfection methods are free Cl and Cl related chemicals because of cost and easy handiness, they eliminate the life stuffs by oxidization of cell wall compounds. Free Cl ( Cl2 ) is so effectual method but Cl is a really unsafe chemical and it produces toxic disinfection byproduct DBPs for illustration trihalomethanes. ( 11 ) The method of utilizing solid Ca hypochlorite ( Ca ( ClO ) 2.4H2O – 65 % Cl ) as a germicide has a batch of restrictions such as corrosion and gustatory sensation jobs. Another germicide is sodium hypochlo rite ( NaClO ) solution ( 5-15 % Cl ) which can non be stored easy. ( 11 ) Viruss, barm, spores, bacteriums, and casts can be killed by ozone disinfection method. Ozonation method is more effectual than Cl method and it does non bring forth any danger byproducts. ( 10 ) There are some disadvantages of this method for illustration, it is non easy engineering, low doses are non plenty to kill pathogens and it is dearly-won. ( 11 ) Ultraviolet visible radiation ( UV ) can be used for demobilizing pathogens by photochemical reactions in the RNA and DNA which is the consequence of light soaking up. ( 10 ) It is efficaciously and for this method the contact clip is short, there are non toxic or non-toxic byproducts but it can non utilize H2O which includes suspended stuff. The new method is use Cl with UV and ozone which is really effectual method to extinguish bacteriums, protozoa cysts and some critical pathogens. The solar photocatalysis disinfection which means violent death of pathog ens by utilizing the photocatalysis of TiO2 is the future method for H2O disinfection. ( 12 ) The usage of nanoscale scientific discipline in the H2O intervention systems, which includes nanocatalysts, nanostructure membranes, bioactive nanoparticles, nanoparticles filtration, nanosorbants, is the futuristic disinfection method. Nanoparticles which have big surface countries will be the best stuffs for H2O purification systems in the close term. Today, the major challenges of nanomaterials are the integrating of H2O purification procedure, cost effectual and design jobs. ( 5 ) In the article another method is described called, the H2O decontamination which is the procedure of extinguishing the harmful substances ( chemicals, beings, heavy metals, radioactive stuffs ) from the H2O. In this subdivision of article, writers try to explicate some jobs about mensurating and sensing of compounds concentrations, modeling, and redress schemes. Rearward osmosis, man-made rosins, activated C, sand filtration are the some methods to take contaminations from the H2O. ( 13 ) The best intervention method which supplies the most purified H2O is non clear. The finding of contaminant type and concentration are every bit of import as the decontamination engineering. The advanced research lab engineering is necessary for mensurating of low concentration of toxic compound for illustration Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophometery and UV-Spectrophometry can be used to analyze arsenic. ( 13 ) Chromatography and mass spectrometry which have the drawbacks such as cost, sensitiveness and efficient ; are the old but the most common engineerings. Catalytic Deoxyribonucleic acid is the recent system for proving heavy metals in the H2O and the traditional methods for this are X-Ray Fluorescence, some chemical trials and Inductively Coupled Plasma. ( 13 ) The biosensoring engineering is defined as the usage nanoscale or microscale biological detectors to observe contaminations with high sensitiveness. The technological development about biosensors is necessary to find the toxicity of H2O intervention procedure. ( 14 ) Highly treated H2O can be called rescued H2O which is the low cost option of drinkable H2O. If we consider the sum of consumed H2O per twenty-four hours, remained H2O on the Earth and the growing of population, the reuse of rescued H2O is perfectly necessary. Some of the utilizations of rescued H2O are irrigation, industrial activities and groundwater recharge. ( 15 ) Since historical times wastewater has been used but it became attractive two or three decennaries ago. ( 16 ) There are several methods for rescued H2O, such as chlorination, filtration and biological systems which have been used since early 1800s. ( 15 ) Authors give information about some recent methods such as membrane bioreactors and filtration. For the biological intervention ultrafiltration and microfiltration engineerings have been understood to supply high quality purified H2O. ( 17 ) Today activated sludge procedure, which is another biological intervention method, are designed for high public presentation. ( 1 8 ) The membrane bioreactor ( MBR ) method is comparatively new intervention engineering which is based on liquid-solid separation and its applications are going acceptable twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours for little graduated table with high quality of H2O. ( 17-18 ) Membrane bioreactor procedure has some advantages compared to the activated sludge procedure such as more compact reactor, smaller footmark for high concentration, higher assorted spirits suspended solids concentration ( for MBR procedure mean concentration 8-12 g/l ) . The most of import drawback of MBR method is some footings such as flow issues should be developed. ( 18 ) The cleansing of membrane and dynamic effects such as aeration loss, saline invasion and backflush loss are the two parametric quantities which affects the public presentation of MBR engineering. The betterments about stuff features, lasting fouling, cost and membrane cleansing procedure should be done for this procedure. The mean one-year gr owing rate 10.9 % is estimated for the planetary MBR market. ( 19 ) Reverse osmosis ( RO ) is a liquid membrane method which removes dissolved stuffs. The combination of MBR and RO is extremely efficient which provides 67 % H2O recycling at the lowest cost. ( 20 ) Desalination is a method that separates the salt from H2O. The oldest procedure to take salt from H2O is boiling. Thermal distillment method and natural the hydrologic rhythm work same manner and in the early 1900s, membrane system was developed. There are three types of thermic methods viz. ; multi-stage flash distillment, multi-effect distillment and vapour compaction distillment. ( 21 ) The advantages of desalinization by distillment are low operating and care cost, minimum environmental consequence and the extremely purified H2O production, the disadvantages are high degree cognition and big capacity workss. ( 22 ) Electrodialysis, Electrodialysis reversal and change by reversal osmosis are the three chief membrane procedures for desalinization. ( 21 ) Simple systematic construction, taking organic and inorganic contaminations and high production/capacity ratio are the advantages on the other manus the necessity of pre-treatment measure, the trouble of cleaning membrane and decre asing in flow rate are the drawbacks of membrane procedures. ( 22 ) Entire figure of desalinization works is about 1400 ( 80 % Membrane desalinization, 20 % Thermal desalinization ) . Rearward osmosis desalinization procedure includes four parts ; pre-treatment, hard-hitting pumps, membrane systems and post-treatment. ( 21 ) Hybrid desalinization method can be defined as the comparing of thermic and membrane desalinization procedure which generates power. The advantages of this procedure are utilizing less energy, low cost of building and high works efficiency. Nowadays the RO and simple intercrossed multistage flash constellation are really popular. The advantages of incorporate systems are good thermic efficiency and high quality purified H2O. ( 23 ) The Low-cost Desalination Collaboration procedure is freshly design of rearward osmosis procedure which demonstrates the H2O with a good design. ( 21 ) Carbon nanotubes have the specific electrical, chemical and mechanical characteris tics. In the hereafter, nanotubes will let us to desalt cheaply but there are some challenges, we have to confront about this method like capital cost and hard mechanism. Carbon nanotubes, Biomimetic membranes and forward osmosis are following coevals systems for desalinization. ( 8-21 ) In this subdivision of the article the figure about contrary osmosis and activate desalinization ( figure 5 ) makes apprehensible the procedures. The information in the book related to entropy and energy computation is the high-ranking information about the topic. This article contains extended cognition about the H2O intervention systems. Writers clearly conclude solutions of H2O intervention systems. I have some cognition about H2O purification before fixing this study but while composing I learned tonss of information about new H2O intervention techniques from article and mentions. This research was made in 2008, it is a technological topic because of this when research is carried out is really of import. Some current H2O intervention techniques need intensive energy and chemicals. We should better the non lone H2O intervention systems but besides monitoring, mensurating, patterning and direction systems to present safe and clean H2O to everybody. As a consequence, we need new, sustainable, environmental and cheap purification methods. Science and engineering for H2O purification in the coming decennaries by M.A. Shannon, P.W. Bohn, M. Elimelech, J.G. Giorgiadis, B.J. Marinas, A.M. Hayes, Nature 452 ( 2008 ) 301-310 & A ; Atilde ;  ¶

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essays

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essays Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Paper Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Paper In this play Romeo and Juliet I am going to be analysing the way in which the key themes of love and hate are used within the play; focus in particular on the way they are used in Act 3 Scene 1 with reference to events, language and staging.The background of the play Romeo and Juliet is set in one of the romantic places in the world, Verona in Italy. This setting is brilliant as it is based on an earlier romantic poem from Italy written in the 14th century. Also Verona like many places has a violent part to it where the Capulets and the Montagues fight. William Shakespeare also uses a lot of sexual references in the play which might indicate that most of our swear words and sexual references came from William Shakespeares plays.The summary of the play Romeo and Juliet is that in the play the Capulets and the Montagues have yet another fight in an ongoing feud, which ends up with blood spilt in the street. Prince Escalus tries to prevent further conflicts betwe en the families by decreeing death for any individual who disturbs the peace. Meanwhile Romeo who doesnt really know what love is, thinks he is in love with this woman called Rosaline who doesnt return his affections.Lady Capulet on the other hand is trying to persuade Juliet to marry Paris a nobleman but all Juliet says is that she will have a look at him at the party. Mercutio, Romeo and his other friends arrive at the Capulets party and all of a sudden Romeo forgets about Rosaline as he sees a beautiful lady (Juliet)and falls in love with her. Meanwhile Tybalt, Juliets blood thirsty cousin sees Romeo and is enraged and plans revenge after the party. Romeo and Juliet kiss not even knowing each others names. Not long after Romeo asks Juliet to marry him and she agrees. They marry secretly because if anyone found out Juliet could be harmed. But Rome is drawn back into the feud when his best friend is killed. He kills Tybalt and is banished from Verona. He meets Juliet for one night of love but then leaves for Mantua.Juliet then faces a forced marriage to Count Paris. Feeling alone and abandoned she threatens to kill herself rather than betray Romeo. She goes to the priest who persuades her instead to take a potion that will make her seem dead in fortunately Romeo doesnt get the message explaining this and hears only that she has died. He returns and takes poison. When Juliet awakes she realises he is dead and cant face the world without him. She stabs herself. These deaths finally bring peace between the two families whos fighting has caused their childrens death.The main themes that run through the play Romeo and Juliet are: Love, hate and fate. The theme love is used all the way through the play, the Capulets and the Montagues really dislike each other and love is the cause of more violence. Romeo kills Tybalt out of love and guilt for his best friend Mercutio. Romeo says in the play that love has made him more of a girl than a man. In Juliets relationship w ith her parents love is not really shown as it should be, there is more cruelty and resentment than love which links their relationship closer to hate than love.The other theme that runs through the play is hate, this is probably the major theme. The Montagues and the Capulets absolutely hate each other, every time they come face to face with each other there is violence and Tybalt is mainly the one that stirs thing up. Hate is closely linked in Juliets relationship with her parents for example, Juliets mother Lady Capulet says to JulietI would the fool were in your grave.You can tell from this statement that Lady Capulets relationship with her daughter is not good. They also say to her.If you were mine I give you to my friend, if not die in the street.You can tell from this statement that the Capulets hate their daughter at this point, because that is not something that you would say to your own daughter.The final theme that is used a lot in the play is fate. We are told in the pro logue that Romeo and Juliet take their lives. William Shakespeares idea in the play is that fate uses Romeo and Juliet to punish their parents. In our key scene Act 3 Scene 1 Romeo calls on fate are killing Tybalt and says,I am fortunes fool.That statement tells the audience that fate is in control of the events.Love and hate run through the story. These themes are inter-related and this is shown in events such as the opening scene. The Capulets and the Montagues servants meet each other and fighting shows hatred but they also show love for their masters.The quarrel in between our masters and us their men.This shows that both the servants love their master and will do anything for them. They all most like football hooligans who fight because they love their team.Romeo is obsessed with love but doesnt really know what it is. He has a crush on a lady called Rosaline but when we listen to him describing his feeling they are very shallow.Shes fair I love.This shows that Romeo links love to looks more than to personality. He also says,She wont ope her lap to saint inducing gold.This quote show he links love with money instead of personality. Until he meets Juliet and talks to her that he falls for her personality as well as her looks.Act 3 Scene 1 is a important scene, it is a climatic scene of violence where love is the confronted by hate and afterwards things go wrong for the lovers. It also forms a climax in the structure. Up to this point Romeo and Juliet have being learning about what love is and now that they have found true love they think they can over come the hate between their families through their marriage, but from this point things go terribly wrong for the lover. They become, Fortunes fools and love turns to violence and hate. This scene begins the run to death the prologue had said.The opening scene Act 3 Scene 1 is used to create atmosphere for the audience. The audience knows Romeo and Juliet have got married but the other actors dont. This shows that dramatic irony is being used as love is suddenly changed to hate.For these hot days is the mad blood stirring. Benvolio warns the audience that blood will be spilt.The stage setting would probably be bright, all the characters would be acting nervous and sweating, the atmosphere would be full of tension and excitement because the audience knows that there is violent coming up in the performance.Mercutio is once again chatting, he is a character who is full of nervous energy, he is also very bright and entertaining, but Romeos best friend is supposed to make the audience feel uneasy because of the lack of control he has. Shakespeare would have probably get Mercutio this name because it is like mercury an unstable metal. He talks a lot about violence, death and fighting so that the audience knows that there is going to be violence coming up in the performance. Benvolio, Romeos peace making cousin tells us that Mercutio is apt to quarrel and that his life will not last very long if he keeps going on the way he is. That is ironic as Mercutio dies.When Tybalt arrives looking for Romeo who he has challenged. The tension in the atmosphere dramatically increases mostly because Mercutio is wanting to provoke Tybalt.Make it a word and a blow. he says to Tybalt when he asks if he could have a word with one of them. Mercutio might be looking to fight Tybalt but he might be acting his way out of love for his best friend Romeo. He thinks Romeo will not survive the fight with Tybalt. Mercutio has said that Romeo is already dead.Stabbed.his heart cleft with the blind bow boys butt shaft. This means that he has already been shot with an arrow of love and is not fit to fight. Ironically Mercutio has no idea that love for Juliet will kill Romeo in the end.Mercutio is at the point of duelling with Tybalt when Romeo arrives. Tybalt challenges Romeo not knowing that Romeo is now his cousin but Romeo refuses to fight, he controls his temper showing that as the Capulets said he is a well governed youth.Tybalt tries to insult Romeo by calling him a Villain and a Boy but he doesnt get the response he wanted of Romeo. He still refuses to fight and acts like a good loving friend. Romeo hints about his marriage to Juliet but doesnt speak to openly just in case he put Juliet at risk by sayingGood Capulet, whose l name I love to tender as dearly as my ownTybalt is fuming and frustrated in the Luhrmann film version of the play. He attacks Romeo who does absolutely nothing to defend himself. The other characters dont know Romeo motives. Mercutio is angry at what he is seeingVile submission Mercutio challenges Tybalt to defend his best friends honour, which was important in them days. Romeo tries his very best to stop the fight but as a result of that Mercutio dies.I was killed under your arm. Mercutio tells RomeoRomeo realises he bares the guilt of Mercutios death. Love hath made me effeminate.He is saying that love has made him more or a girl than a man and it ha s took this pride and courage away. He ceases to be well governed and as the priest warned in his speech about plants he lets rude will or hate take control. Romeo challenges Tybalt and ends up killing him but immediately knew that he had made the wrong decision.I am fortunes fool. he says dramatically, he realises fate had played a trick on him. If he had not acted out of hate Tybalt would had been executed because the Capulets wouldnt have been able to afford the blood price for the princes cousin. Romeo now realises that bringing peace back between the two families is now pretty impossible, this is prove when Juliets mother acting in the most unfeminine way, demanding his blood.Shakespeares plays are written mainly in blank verse. Blank verse has a regular rhythm but does not rhyme it is a very flexible medium, which is capable like the human speaking voice of a wide range of tones.Shakespeare used a particular form of blank verse called Iambic Pentameter.In Iambic Pentameter th e lines are ten syllables long. Each line is divided into pairs of syllables or feet. Each foot has one stressed and one unstressed syllable a pattern which often appears in normal English speech, for example;TybaltWhat, (rt thou dr(wn am(ng these h(artless hinds?T(rn thee, Benv(lio, lo(k up(n thy d(ath.BenvolioI d( but ke(p the p(ace. Put (p thy sw(rdOr m(nage it to p(rt these m(n with m(TybaltWhat, dr(wn, and t(lk of p(ace? I h(te the w(rdAs I hate h(ll, all M(ntagues, and the(Have (t thee, c(ward.Here the Pentameter accommodates a variety of speech tones Tybalts angry challenges, Benvolios steady calm, and the acorn and hatred with which Tybalt renews his attackMost of Act 3 Scene 1 is written n blank verse however towards the end this changes to rhyming coupletsI beg for justice, which thou, Prince, must give:Romeo slew Tybalt, Romeo must not live.This is effective because it is far more dramatic and shows depth of emotionIn Act 3 Scene 1 there is a lot of opportunity to inter pret stage direction, particularly in the two fight scenes.They fight Shakespeare says.The fights are very different. To help make the audience feel involved, i would stage the play outside so it makes the audience feel part of the cast as well. Mercutio and Tybalts fight is very different to Romeo and Tybalts. Mercutio and Tybalt are very skilled swords men and their fight is less violent and more like a dance. It becomes violent only when Mercutio died because Romeo interferes. On the other hand Romeo and Tybalts fight is extremely violent. Romeo is not a very skilled swords man so during the fight he uses props to protect himself rather than fight back. But both plan to kill not just wound, this is meant to frighten and horrify the audience.Even though Romeo and Juliet is over 400 years old. I think It is still valid to a modern audience because of the themes. The story of the two lovers from opposing families is used again and again. Rosie and Craig are examples of characters li ke Romeo and Juliet who appear in a soap called Coronation Street. Daz and Zoe a book read at school dealt with the same issues but set in Northern Ireland. In our modern multi-cultural society we can easily imagine the Romeo and Juliet story happening in real life. Children also often feel under pressure from t heir parents to line up to their wishes and ideals so we can still relate to the story Romeo and Juliet.The two versions of the play I have seen were on film, they were different: One was traditional (Franco Zefferlis) set in the 14th century, Italy. I liked the costumes they were beautiful and it helped me understand the historical context of the play. The other one was Baz Luhrmenns, it is set in modern day times in east coast America. The swords have been changed to guns but the language is the same. I enjoyed the modern version more because of the setting. I also understood the language better and the themes which had seem unfamiliar, I could suddenly relate it to parent s who want you to do something you dont want to .

Free Essays on The Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect occurs when gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and CFCs trap heat in the atmosphere by acting as a pane of glass in a car.  ³The glass ² lets the sun light in to make heat but when the heat tries to get out the gases absorb the heat. Holding this heat in causes heat waves, droughts and climate changes which could alter our way of living. The main gases that cause the greenhouse effect are water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane which comes mainly from animal manure. Other gases like nitrogen oxide and man made gases called chloroflurocarbons get caught in the atmosphere as well. The decay of animals and respiration are two main but natural sources of carbon dioxide. In my opinion we people of the whole world should try and slow down the emmission of greenhouse gases and/or find ways to balance the gases so the climate doesn't change so rapidly. If it did we would be forced to adapt to the new climate that we brought upon our selves. If we had a international cooperation to put a damper on the production of chloroflurocarbons and slowed down the use of fossil fuels it would dramatically slow down the process of "global warming." Over the last 100 years the global temperatures have been increasing slowly but steadily. Since 1980 the temperature has risen 0.2 degrees C (0.4 degrees F ) each decade. Scientists predict that if we continue putting the same amount of gas into the atmosphere by the year 2030 the temperature will be rising as much as 0.5 degrees C (0.9 degrees F ) or more per decade. Over all the global temperature could rise anywhere from 5 to 9 degrees over the next fifty years. If the temperatures do rise as predicted several things could happen. The increases of temperature could alter the growth of crops in areas near the equator due to insufficient rain and heat. This could really hurt countries that rely on imported foo... Free Essays on The Greenhouse Effect Free Essays on The Greenhouse Effect The greenhouse effect occurs when gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and CFCs trap heat in the atmosphere by acting as a pane of glass in a car.  ³The glass ² lets the sun light in to make heat but when the heat tries to get out the gases absorb the heat. Holding this heat in causes heat waves, droughts and climate changes which could alter our way of living. The main gases that cause the greenhouse effect are water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane which comes mainly from animal manure. Other gases like nitrogen oxide and man made gases called chloroflurocarbons get caught in the atmosphere as well. The decay of animals and respiration are two main but natural sources of carbon dioxide. In my opinion we people of the whole world should try and slow down the emmission of greenhouse gases and/or find ways to balance the gases so the climate doesn't change so rapidly. If it did we would be forced to adapt to the new climate that we brought upon our selves. If we had a international cooperation to put a damper on the production of chloroflurocarbons and slowed down the use of fossil fuels it would dramatically slow down the process of "global warming." Over the last 100 years the global temperatures have been increasing slowly but steadily. Since 1980 the temperature has risen 0.2 degrees C (0.4 degrees F ) each decade. Scientists predict that if we continue putting the same amount of gas into the atmosphere by the year 2030 the temperature will be rising as much as 0.5 degrees C (0.9 degrees F ) or more per decade. Over all the global temperature could rise anywhere from 5 to 9 degrees over the next fifty years. If the temperatures do rise as predicted several things could happen. The increases of temperature could alter the growth of crops in areas near the equator due to insufficient rain and heat. This could really hurt countries that rely on imported foo...

Personal Narrative Being a Christian in a Pluralistic Society Research Paper - 1

Personal Narrative Being a Christian in a Pluralistic Society - Research Paper Example When I first started out as a young Christian, I thought that all worldviews that were not my own had to be wrong or backward in some way.   Then, as I began to become wiser with age—having attended Selma Unviersity—I learned about different ways one can see the world with my university studies.   I learned more about my Christian faith and how to preach at Birmingham Baptist Bible College.   At Faith Grant Seminary in Birmingham, Alabama—my spiritual formation was shaped even more than when I was at BBBC.   My BA in pastoral theology, my MA in religion, and my doctorate of Divinity have all shaped who I am today.   Without that theological training, I doubt that I would have become as open-minded as I am today.   In addition, I studied through distance learning with Trinity Distance Studies.   As such, I am currently working towards a Masters in General Psychology with University of the Rockies, after having received a BA in Psychology from Ashford University in 2007.   Before getting my degree in psychology, I never had fully appreciated how complex human beings are—from their motivations to their religious practices and everything else which makes people their unique selves.  Ã‚  When I first started out as a young Christian, I thought that all worldviews that were not my own had to be wrong or backward in some way.   Then, as I began to become wiser with age—having attended Selma Unviersity—I learned about different ways one can see the world with my university studies.   I learned more about my Christian faith and how to preach at Birmingham Baptist Bible College.   At Faith Grant Seminary in Birmingham, Alabama—my spiritual formation was shaped even more than when I was at BBBC.   My BA in pastoral theology, my MA in religion, and my doctorate of Divinity have all shaped who I am today.   Without that theological training, I doubt that I would have become as open-minded as I am t oday.   In addition, I studied through distance learning with Trinity Distance Studies.   As such, I am currently working towards a Masters in General Psychology with University of the Rockies, after having received a BA in Psychology from Ashford University in 2007.   Before getting my degree in psychology, I never had fully appreciated how complex human beings are—from their motivations to their religious practices and everything else which makes people their unique selves.  Ã‚   The reason why pluralism is the focus of this writing is because I feel it is a very important issue to address in today’s society—and I have learned to become comfortable with pluralism, because I now understand the intricacies of Cartesian dualism and can appreciate the fact that everyone who does not believe what I believe is necessarily wrong.   In fact, we may all have different paths to God, but that does not make my religion any better than someone else’s.   We just have different perspectives.   I believe this is a wholesome outlook in a world where relativistic attitudes are common, and lots of people don’t stand up for their beliefs anymore.   I believe that I can be a strong, committed Christian—even in the face of shifting paradigms in various religious communities.   The context in which my learning took place with regards to pluralism includes a strict Christian upbringing in a Baptist family.  Ã‚  

SPEECH ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SPEECH - Assignment Example So without informing the new intern, you decide to send out an evaluation form for coworkers to complete and then provide the intern with the results. Your behavior in this scenario is Hans and Frans are coworkers. Hans needs a new printer, and goes to Frans, who handles equipment requisitions. Frans says he will need to fill out a form and wait for the supply order to be processed, which will take about 4 weeks. Hans would like to simply go to a store to buy a printer, and be reimbursed. b. I feel frustrated when you leave for work and don’t put your dishes in the dishwasher, because then I have to do it. I’d like you to make sure you put your dishes in the dishwasher before you leave in the morning. 21. Marc and Stacy are on a committee that has been given the task of planning a large event. Marc has a tendency to state his opinion in tentative ways, saying things like â€Å"I think a buffet might work better† and â€Å"Well, I’m not sure, but we’ll probably get a better turn-out if we hold it at 7 pm rather than 5pm. On the other hand, Stacy tends to make declarations like â€Å"Everyone knows that buffets are tacky,† and â€Å"We need to catch the after-work crowd so the event needs to start at 5 pm.† Which of the following dimensions of defensive vs. supportive climates do their styles BEST reflect? 25. Brian and Subrina have been having relational conflicts over her financial behavior and debt. During a heated discussion about her inability to cover her half of the bills for the month, she blurts out â€Å"Why don’t you just leave me if I am so irresponsible?† Brian replies, â€Å"You are awesome at so many things. This is just a small and fixable problem that we both would benefit from working on.† His response would BEST be described as: 27. Aaron and Jose share an office and have clashed several times over the volume of music that Aaron plays while working. Because

Housing Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Housing Policy - Essay Example This ccontact count housing policy redresses nearly all facets of homelessness (Davis, 2010) For example, Aylesbury Vale District Council (AVDC) in Buckinghamshire County is surrounded by hundred smaller villages like Buckingham, Haddenham, Winslow, Wendover and more, covering approximately 900 square kilometers. The Vale has approximately 69 258 households and a population of 174 100 people according to the 2011 Census (AVDC 2011). AVDC’s population and houses continue to increase in number. For instance, in the last ten years up to 8600 new houses have been built with 50% of the new builds from urban extensions According to the South Midlands Sub-Region study (2002) and the Milton Keynes Sub-Regional Strategy (2005). In addition, The Vale’s population is expected to go up to 213 000 by 2026 (AVDC Housing and Homelessness Strategy, 2008-2013). The contact housing policy was grounded on specific areas such as Leeds, Manchester, Nottingham, and West midlands, Oxford, Devon and Newcastle. The specificity of the policy program was to help provide information on the level of homelessness in the mentioned areas and Identify the additional housing options and the help need to cater for the needs. Moreover, the contact housing policy also /had key areas such as, Housing Options prevention service, social justice strategy, social Impact Bond and Localism Act (Ambrose, 2008) There have been impediments to the sound execution of the cont housing policy from different quarters namely, The government, Mayor of London Local housing, Authorities, Chartered Institute of Housing, Health and wellbeing Boards, Hospitals such as St Mungo’s as well as the Ministerial Working Group which initiated the No Second Night Out model. (Wilcox, 2011) The above essay is an elaborate explanation on the housing problem in the United Kingdom and the subsequent

Ecuador Essay Example for Free

Ecuador Essay Ecuador is a very fascinating country. Scientists can use the past information about the geography to figure out the future. For instance, learning how the land has transformed over time in Ecuador may lead to a continuous pattern. Other things that scientists use are tools and techniques. Identifying various rocks and minerals, discovering how the land has been changed, and observing mountain formations and fossils also help to figure out patterns. All of these things allow scientists predict, accurately, what the Earth’s crust will do in the future. Many things about Ecuador’s future landscape can be told through what has happened in the past. When volcanoes are active they erupt and produce lava (called magma when inside the volcano). The lava eventually cools off and leaves a thick layer of igneous rock on the surface. The numerous volcanoes in Ecuador means the soil is very fertile, because the ashes from eruptions act like fertilizer. Therefore it has produced the Amazon Rainforest. Also, volcano lava can create islands. Islands made of lava can be found in Ecuador. Another way Ecuador’s terrain has been transformed through earthquakes. This is because earthquakes cause the Earth’s tectonic plates to crack. Cracks can either create valleys or mountains. These patterns can lead to different kinds of terrain in Ecuador (in the future). Different types of minerals can be used to tell what will happen to the Earth’s crust in the future. By investigating different minerals in your area, you can understand how they were formed. Knowing when and how they, for instance volcanic minerals, were formed, like by a volcano, scientists can tell when the next â€Å"event† will occur. The Moh’s Hardness Scale can help you tell what types of minerals there exist, based on how hard it is to break them. This scale goes from one to ten (one being the softest, ten the hardest). Minerals can also be differentiated by their shape. Some of the shapes are cubic, tetragonal, hexagonal, orthorhombic, monoclinic, and triclinic. Another type of identification is called lustre (shininess). Lustre has two categories. They are metallic lustre (shiny) and non- metallic lustre (dull). The first identification people think of is color. However, this method can be hard to use because there are so many minerals. Streak tests can also be used. This method is when you test the color of the mineral’s powder on unglazed porcelain tiles. Last but not least is figuring out cleavage and fracture. Cleavage and fracture lets you test how something breaks. If it’s cleavage, the break is smooth. If it’s fracture the break has jagged edges. All of these identifications help the scientists figure out what the Earth’s crust will do next. Types of rocks can also help to discover the future land in Ecuador. One type of rock is an igneous rock. Igneous rocks are extrusive rocks. They are made of lava (called magma inside a volcano-magma is intrusive) once it cools down on top of the Earth’s crust. Mountains are most likely to be sedimentary rock because of all of the things that help to build it up. The last type of rock is metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks are made when one rock’s form is changed by immense heat and pressure. Evidence of these things is the rock’s appearance, combinations of minerals, and how it looks under a microscope. When figuring out the types of rocks, a pattern may immerge in and on the Earth’s crust. Observations on how Ecuador looked, in the past, and where it was can help scientists to know where it will be and what it will look like in the future. One thousand years ago this region would have been beside Africa. If you look closely you can see where South America of the past was. Like puzzle pieces, many of the continents can be fit together with another continent. Ecuador would also have no islands. There would be very few mountains or volcanoes, a lot bigger plants and more forests, and the temperature would be a little bit warmer than Alberta’s. Then, one hundred years ago, Ecuador was in the same place as it is today. Most likely, there would be a little bit less mountains and volcanoes then there are today. The islands would be about half there size, the temperature would be about the same as now, but there would still be a little bit more forestry. Since the continent moved then, it is hypothesized that it will almost absolutely move more in the future. Ecuador has some very interesting mountain formation patterns and some fossils have been found that are in other continents. When you look at a terrain map, you can see that almost all mountains are near the shoreline. Also most of the mountains are formed in a line or in small groups. Some of the mountain formations in different places even fit together! Scientists are able to figure out, that more mountain formations will be created on other shorelines. Eventually mountains may fill up some regions. The fossils there can also be found in Africa. For instance, if they were filming a Jurassic Park 14 in Ecuador, they could use the dinosaurs’ Kannemeyerid, Lystrosaurus, and Mesosaurus. They could also add the plant glossopteris. All of these plants and dinosaurs are also found in Africa (none of these dinosaurs could swim!!! ). These things let scientists predict even more about the future. The previous information helps scientists with their research. Without these things, people would have a really  Ã‚  hard time trying to figuring out what will happen in the future. All of these methods let professionals predict what the Earth’s crust will do next.